METHODS OF EVALUATION OF FUZZY INDICATORS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF URBAN TERRITORIES AT THE STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF PRE-PROJECT AND PROJECT DOCUMENTATION

Abstract

The increasing amount of solid municipal, industrial and construction waste generated and buried annually leads to an ever-increasing anthropogenic load on the environment, representing one of the main threats to environmental safety for the territories of urban districts and regions. The purpose of the study is to develop a fuzzy scale of indicators for assessing systems, objects, life support technologies of urban areas at the stage of development of pre-design and project documentation using the theory of fuzzy sets, realizing the possibilities of using soft computing in calculating the levels of environmental safety of urban areas, allowing, in turn, to assess the state of protection of the natural environment and vital human interests from dangerous technospheric effects of waste. In accordance with this goal, within the framework of using the theory of fuzzy sets and the corresponding mathematical apparatus of soft computing, the development of a fuzzy scale of resource and environmental indicators levels was carried out for the implementation of predictive studies of the prospective development of the industrial and construction complex and life support systems of settlements at the pre-project stage, during the implementation of project activities, as well as when assessing the current level of technosphere the impact of hazardous waste on the environment. The proposed new approach, based on a comprehensive assessment of the prevented environmental hazard, was used in the formation of a forecast for the development of waste treatment and disposal enterprises for the period up to 2030 by regions and territories of urban districts of the Russian Federation. It seems possible to apply the developed indicators of environmental safety of urban areas and methods of their determination when summarizing the data of sociological research, environmental information with subsequent preparation of socio-ecological criteria and indicators of the favorable living conditions of the population and the comfort of the urban environment.