METHODOLOGICAL BASIS FOR SOCIALLY ORIENTED REGENERATION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF HISTORICAL TERRITORIES

Abstract

This article addresses the issue of regeneration and reconstruction of historic settlements and historic urban areas, updated in late 2024 in connection with the new strategy announced by the President of Russia for the preservation and conservation of the historical heritage of cities using integrated territorial development investment mechanisms. In this regard, special attention should be paid to scientifically grounded approaches, including those based on sociology, methodology, and design methods. Metabolic approaches and principles are discussed. Using the example of the historic part of Moscow, this article examines the value of heritage and substantiates current challenges and approaches to the reconstruction and regeneration of historic areas, taking into account the requirements for preserving architectural and historical heritage and the architectural and urban planning historical environment. The article examines previously and currently widely discussed approaches and principles of metabolic approaches, which propose the formation of a second tier of modern development above historic buildings, including the construction of “horizontal” skyscrapers. Examples of Russian and Japanese “metabolist” projects from the 20th century are examined, as well as a contemporary example of the ongoing construction of a horizontal skyscraper on the T. Shevchenko Embankment, above the site of the Badayevsky Plant currently under reconstruction in Moscow. The article also examines the experience of urban planning for the reconstruction of a neighborhood in Sadovniki following the decommissioning of the Krasnokholmsky Plant, the experience of sociological support for the implementation of a housing renovation program in Moscow, and methods for identifying valuable historical sites based on public opinion surveys, taking into account the heritage value, prospects, and interests of residents of historic city centers. Based on these experiences, methodological recommendations are proposed for the design of integrated territorial development and the resolution of particularly socially significant urban development issues.